As a pet owner, seeing your furry companions active and moving freely can be an enjoyable experience. However, just like humans, pets can also develop mobility issues which impact their vitality. These challenges may arise from ageing, injuries or chronic conditions.
Fortunately, pet physiotherapy provides a safe and non-invasive treatment method to help pets regain normal movement, alleviate discomfort and recuperate more quickly following an injury or surgery. Rehabilitation exercises play a vital role in helping dogs and cats move better, stay active and enjoy a more comfortable life.
When Do Pets Need Mobility Rehab?
Pets may require rehabilitation for a variety of reasons, ranging from recovery after surgery to age-related mobility issues. Common situations include:
- Surgery Recovery: After orthopaedic or soft tissue procedures, such as ligament repairs, pets often need support in rebuilding their strength and mobility.
- Arthritis: This degenerative joint condition causes stiffness and pain, limiting movement in older pets.
- Hip Dysplasia: This is a genetic condition common in larger breeds where the hip does not form properly, leading to joint instability and discomfort.
- Neurological Injury: Conditions like intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) or stroke can impair coordination and movement.
- Stiffness: As pets age, muscle loss and joint wear can make everyday movements harder.
Limping, reluctance to walk or play, difficulty standing or stiffness after resting may also indicate your pet could benefit from physiotherapy. Early rehab can improve comfort, prevent further complications and enhance overall quality of life.
Benefits of Pet Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation can contribute to a pet's overall quality of life. Some key benefits include:
- Improved joint flexibility and range of motion in the affected limbs
- Reduce stiffness and pain
- Increased muscle mass, strength and coordination
- Limit muscle loss (atrophy) and uneven strain
- Enhanced activity levels
Rehabilitation Exercises to Help Your Pet Move Better
Rehabilitation exercises target specific mobility challenges while helping pets build strength, improve stability and stay comfortable. Below are some of the most effective exercises to support your pet’s movement and recovery:
Passive Range of Motion (PROM) Exercises
PROM exercises involve gently moving your pet’s limbs to maintain joint flexibility and circulation. Ideal for post-surgery recovery, neurological issues, or arthritis, these exercises help maintain joint health and prevent stiffness.
How-to: With your pet lying down, gently flex and extend each joint (e.g., elbow, knee or hip) beyond its natural range of motion. For the front limbs, move the legs forward and backwards, whereas for the hind limbs, simulate a cycling motion. Perform 5–10 repetitions per limb, as advised by your vet.
Assisted Standing and Weight-Bearing
Assisted standing and weight-bearing exercises help pets relearn how to stand or distribute weight evenly, promoting balance and stability. These exercises are crucial, especially in the early stages of rehabilitation after spinal or orthopaedic surgery.
How-to: Use a sling, harness or other props under the pet’s belly to support their weight. Gradually increase standing time to build strength. A rolled towel placed under the belly can help maintain posture.
Weight-Shifting Exercises and Balance Work
Weight-shifting exercises involve gently encouraging pets to transfer their weight from side to side. This practice improves joint stability and proprioception (awareness of body position), which is particularly beneficial for pets recovering from surgery or those with neurological issues.
How-to: While your pet stands, gently nudge their hips side to side or forward and backwards to encourage weight transfer. Use a balance board or cushion for advanced work.
Hydrotherapy or Water-Assisted Exercises
Hydrotherapy, such as an underwater treadmill or swim therapy, can help pets exercise without putting stress on their joints. The buoyancy of water supports non-weight-bearing muscle work, making it a gentle yet effective option for overweight pets or those with arthritis or recovering from surgery.
How-to: Under professional supervision, take your pet for controlled walks or swimming sessions. They can start with short sessions, usually 5-10 minutes, and gradually increase the duration as tolerated.
Massage Therapy
Massage therapy helps improve circulation, reduce muscle tension and promote relaxation. It is typically paired with PROM or other exercises, making it an essential part of a comprehensive rehabilitation plan.
How-to: Use gentle, circular motions on major muscle groups (e.g., shoulders, hips), then apply light pressure for a few minutes. You may consult a professional for techniques specific to your pet’s condition.
Cavaletti Rails or Pole Work
Stepping over low obstacles can help your pet improve their coordination, limb awareness and joint extension, making it ideal for neurological or post-injury rehab.
How-to: Arrange poles or small objects (e.g., rolled towels) at a height your pet can step over comfortably. Guide your pet to step over each one slowly using a leash.
Slow Leash Walking
Slow leash walking is a low-impact exercise that involves walking on a flat surface or a slight incline at a controlled pace. It is ideal for building strength and endurance in pets without overexertion.
How-to: Start with short, slow walks for at least 5-10 minutes and gradually increase the duration. Keep a steady pace to prevent your pet from compensating for uneven movements.
Sit-to-Stand Repetitions
Sit-to-stand repetitions are functional movements that build strength in the hindlimbs and core. This exercise encourages muscle engagement and is beneficial for daily activities.
How-to: Encourage your pet to sit, then stand using a treat or verbal cue. Repeat this 5-10 times to ensure controlled movements and avoid strain.
Safety Tips
Keeping your pet safe during rehabilitation exercises is key to ensuring progress without setbacks. Follow these guidelines to protect your pet during rehab sessions:
- Consult Your Vet: Before starting, confirm with your vet that the exercises are appropriate for your pet’s condition to avoid complications, and promote effective rehabilitation.
- Always Supervise: Monitor each session closely to make sure movements are performed correctly and to prevent accidents or injuries.
- Avoid Overexertion: Begin with short sessions and increase intensity or duration gradually as your pet builds strength.
- Be Gentle: Stop immediately if your pet shows signs of pain, fatigue or distress such as whining, panting or pulling away.
- Use Proper Equipment: Choose vet-approved harnesses, slings or balance pads that fit well and keep your pet secure and comfortable.
Frequently Asked Questions
How often should a pet perform rehabilitation exercises?
Frequency depends on the pet’s condition and recovery needs, but most exercises are performed at least three to four times a week (5–15 minutes per session). Consult your vet or vet physiotherapist for a tailored rehab exercise plan for your pet.
Can a pet perform these exercises at home, or do they need professional assistance?
While simple exercises, such as PROM or slow leash walking can be done at home, professional guidance is still recommended. This is especially important for dogs and cats with severe mobility problems or those recovering from surgery.
How long does it take to see improvement in my pet’s mobility?
The rate of improvement varies depending on your pet’s condition and the consistency of the rehab programme. Some pets show progress in weeks, while chronic conditions take several months.
Can pet rehabilitation exercises replace medical treatments?
Pet rehabilitation exercises are designed to complement, not replace, any medical treatments or interventions. Each exercise aims to improve the mobility and overall quality of life of your pet. Always follow your vet’s treatment plan for optimal outcomes.
Advanced Animal Rehabilitation is a trusted pet rehabilitation clinic in Singapore dedicated to helping pets recover, heal and thrive. We offer comprehensive treatments, including laser therapy, ultrasound or hydrotherapy, to address your pet’s unique needs. Call 8891 3207 or fill out the enquiry form to schedule a consultation.
